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ثبت حسابداری صندوق

حساب صندوق

وجه نقدی که در هر موسسه جهت انجام پرداخت ها و دریافت های روزمره مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد تحت عنوان صندوق در دفاتر حسابداری ثبت می شود.

ثبت حسابداری صندوق

از آنجا که حساب صندوق جزء دارایی هاست افزایش آن بدهکار و کاهش آن بستانکار می شود .

افزایش در سمت راست معادله اساسی حسابداری( دارایی ها) بدهکار و کاهش آن بستانکار می شود.افزایش در سمت چپ معادله اساسی حسابداری( بدهی ها و سرمایه) بستانکار و کاهش آن بدهکار می شود.

برای تشریح این موضوع به مثال زیر توجه کنید:

مثال 1 : موسسه آریا در تاریخ 1388/2/1 مبلغ 480.000 ریال به صورت قرض از موسسه توانا دریافت کرد .ثبت این رویداد در دفتر روزنامه موسسه آریا و موسسه توانا به صورت زیر است:

همانطور که ملاحظه می شود با توجه به اینکه موسسه آریا وجه نقد دریافت کرده است حساب صندوق در موسسه آریا افزایش یافته است؛ لذا بدهکار شده است.همچنین با توجه به اینکه موسسه توانا وجه نقد پرداخت کرده حساب صندوق در موسسه توانا کاهش یافته لذا بستانکار شده است.

کنترل مانده واقعی صندوق با دفاتر و ثبت مغایرات مربوطه

با توجه به اینکه ممکن است دریافت ها و پرداخت های متعدد توسط صندوقدار به اضافه یا کسر دریافت منجر گردد؛ لازم است به طور مرتب مانده وجه نقد موجود در صندوق یا مانده حساب صندوق در دفتر کل مقایسه شود تا هرگونه اضافه یا کسر صندوق کشف گردد و مورد بررسی قرار گیرد.

در بسیاری از موسسات مبالغی را هر ماه به صندوقداران به عنوان فوق العاده کسر صندوق پرداخت می کنند و به این ترتیب کسور جزئی صندوق که معمولا ناشی از عدم دریافت پول خرد است به عهده صندوق دار خواهد بود. اما با وجود این موسساتی نیز هستند که کسری یا اضافات صندوق را در حسابی به نام حساب (کسور و اضافات صندوق) ثبت می کنند.

زمانی که در صندوق کسری ایجاد شود حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق بدهکار و زمانی که صندوق با اضافه موجه شود حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق بستانکار می شود.برای تشریح این موضوع به مثال زیر توجه نمایید:

مثال 2:جمع فروش های نقدی فروشگاه کورش در تاریخ 1388/7/25 مبلغ 4.867.500 ریال و وجه نقد وصول شده در آن روز 4.866.000 ریال است. مطلوب است ثبت این رویداد در دفتر روزنامه فروشگاه کورش.

مثال 3: جمع فروش های نقدی فروشگاه کورش در تاریخ 1388/7/26 مبلغ 3.977.400 ریال و وجه نقد وصول شده در آن روز 3.979.000 ریال است. مطلوب است ثبت این رویداد در دفتر روزنامه فروشگاه کورش:

هرگاه حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق در پایان سال دارای مانده بدهکار باشد یک هزینه تلقی می شود و چنانچه دارای مانده بستانکار باشد یک درآمد و باید بسته شوند.

زمانی که در صندوق کسری ایجاد شود؛ حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق بدهکار و زمانی که صندوق با اضافه مواجه شود حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق بستانکار می شود.

هرگاه حساب کسور و اضافات صندوق در پایان سال دارای مانده بدهکار باشد یک هزینه تلقی می شود و چنانچه دارای مانده بستانکار باشد یک درآمد و باید بسته شود.